Lub activated carbon tsos yog tsaus thiab muaj zoo adsorption zog. Nws cov khoom siv muaj zog, ruaj khov heev thiab alkali tsis kam, kub kub thiab tsis ceev tshaj cov dej. Nws yog ib qho dej ntxeem tau ntxeem tau dej.
1. Pore qauv thiab faib rau cov tshuab ua kom siv tau.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm tsim activated carbon, lub volatile organic teeb meem yog muab tshem tawm thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub lattice yog tsim, sib sau ntau qhov zoo ntawm txawv daim thiab ntau thiab tsawg. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj tsam li feem ntau mus txog 500-700 ㎡ / g. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm cov activated carbon muaj siab adsorption muaj peev xwm thiab muaj peev xwm.
Lub peev xwm adsorption ntawm tib lub yeeb yam yog qee zaum txawv, uas yog muaj feem xyuam rau cov txheej txheem nplua nuj thiab pore faib ntawm cov pa roj carbon dej kub. Raws li lub vojvoog, muaj peb hom kev nplua nuj: Qhov loj thiab me me, thiab lub vojvoog yog 1000-100000 Â °;, Qhov Chaw Tshaj Tawm, voj voog 20-1000; ƒSmall micropores nrog lub vojvoog ntawm tsawg dua 20Å.
Cov pore me me ntawm activated carbon yog 0.15-0.9ml / g, thiab thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw muaj ntau tshaj li 95% ntawm tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm activated carbon. Yog li ntawd, cov activated carbon yog ntau tsim dua lwm cov adsorbents. Kev hloov pore ntim feem ntau yog 0.02 rau 0.1ml / g, thiab thaj tsam ntawm thaj tsam li 5% ntawm tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm activated carbon. Loj pore ntim nruab nrab ntawm 0.2 mus rau 0.2 ml / g, deg cheeb tsam tsuas yog 0.5 rau 2.0 g / ㎡, lub cev adsorption ntawm cov kua theem tsis loj, tab sis raws li tus kab mob cov catalyst nyhuv tseem ceeb.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm adsorption microporous qauv txiav txim siab lub peev xwm adsorption. Yuav luag txhua qhov chaw yog ua los ntawm micropores. Ntxig thiab zoo adsorption raws yog siv hauv ntxig thiab cov pores, thiab lawv muaj thiab muaj feem xyuam rau cov nqi ntawm adsorption thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis meej kom pom.
2. Cov khoom ntim ntawm cov pa roj carbon dej kub.
Cov adsorption cov cuab yeej ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm lub qhov dej pore, tiam sis tseem los ntawm cov tshuaj muaj zog ntawm cov roj carbon dej kub.
Cov nqi carbon rau 70 mus rau 95 feem pua ntawm cov pa. Muaj cov roj ntsha thiab oxygen, uas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv raw, los yog tsis tag carbonized nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm cov carbonized thiab nyob twj ywm rau hauv lub active carbon, los yog ua ke nrog tshuaj bonds thaum qhib rua. Cov ntoo tshauv yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov pa roj carbon. Cov ntsiab lus thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshauv cov ntawv sib txawv ntawm cov activated carbon, thiab cov ntoo tshauv ntawm cov txiv maj phaub plhaub yog li 3%, thiab cov ntoo tshauv cov pa roj carbon dioxide yog siab li 20% mus rau 30%. Cov tshauv ntawm activated carbon muaj catalytic nyhuv ntawm ib co electrolytes thiab non-electrolytes nyob rau hauv activated carbon adsorption.
Cov hydrogen thiab oxygen hauv cov pa roj carbon dej muaj cov cawv zoo rau lub adsorption thiab lwm cov khoom ntawm cov roj carbon dej kub. Hauv cov txheej txheem carbonization thiab activation, hydrogen thiab cov pa oxygen muaj nrog cov roj ua kom cov nplais ntawm cov roj muaj ntau hom kev ua haujlwm ntawm oxide thiab hydride. Cov oxide ua rau lub zog thiab cov adsorption molecule muaj cov tshuaj ua haujlwm, qhia qhov kev xaiv rau adsorption. Cov organic no muaj xws li cov organic carbonylic acid, phenolic alkyl, ether, carbonic acid anhydrous, cyclic peroxide thiab hais txog.
3. Daim ntawv qhia npe thiab adsorption
Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm aggregating cov solute rau ntawm cov khoom tawv yog hu ua adsorption. Cov pa roj carbon dioxide tau muaj adsorption effect. Adsorption tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov tshwm sim nto, qhov kev tawm tswv yim zoo yog muaj feem xyuam nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntau . Cov pa roj carbon dia dej tau loj zus thiab ntim cov pa luam yeeb. Qhov cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov chaw oxidation ntawm lub xeev yog tus me me, thiab cov cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw yuav muab ntau txoj kev mus rau sab hauv. Cov pa oxide muaj deg zog. Cov nyhuv adsorption yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov kab mob carbon hauv qhov ntawm cov phab ntsa pore, yog li ua rau qhov adsorption nto.
Lub adsorption daim ntawv ntawm activated carbon yog faib ua lub cev adsorption thiab tshuaj adsorption. Lub cev adsorption yog nyob ntawm lub adsorption ntawm lub zog molecular, uas yog lub zog tsis muaj zog Van Der Waals, uas yog tsuas yog nruab nrab ntawm cov dipoles thiab hydrogen bonds. Nws muaj lub zog txaus kom ntes cov khoom molecules hauv cov kua. Cov adsorption lub cev yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxim nyiam molecular, thiab cov cua kub adsorption yog me me. Cov adsorption lub cev yuav tsum ua kom muaj zog, uas tuaj yeem nqa tau thaum tsis kub. Qhov no adsorption yog reversible, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov adsorbed molecules raug muab tshem tawm los ntawm cov khoom nplua vim lub thermal ce, uas yog hu ua desorption. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj adsorption thiab cov nqi dag zog yuam yog ib qho kev siv exothermic.
Cov txheej txheem adsorption yog muab faib ua peb theem. Qhov thib ib yog tias cov ntsiab lus adsorption ua rau cov dej dej ua kom diffusion rau ntawm cov dej ua kom muaj zog, uas yog hu ua membrane diffusion, thiab ces tawm mus rau sab hauv cov pa roj carbon dioxide, paub tias yog cov tho diffusion, thiab thaum kawg adsorbed ntawm qhov dej . Vim li no, cov adsorption tus nqi yog nyob ntawm qhov diffusion ntawm cov adsorbed rau ntawm qhov activated carbon. Nyob rau hauv lub cev adsorption, lub diffusion tshaj tawm thiab cov adsorption tus nqi nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov zauv feem ntau yog hais txog lub membrane diffusion thiab kev sib tshuam diffusion.
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